Public Holidays in Somalia in 2025 reflect the nation’s rich cultural and religious heritage. These observances offer a glimpse into the country’s Islamic traditions, historical milestones, and shared values. From religious celebrations like Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha to national commemorations such as Independence Day, these holidays punctuate the Somali calendar with moments of reflection, joy, and unity. While specific dates may vary due to the Islamic lunar calendar, these holidays serve as important markers in Somali society, bringing families and communities together. This guide explores the significance of Somalia’s public holidays, providing insight into the customs and traditions that shape the nation’s cultural landscape in 2025.
Public Holidays in Somalia in 2025
The following is the list of Public Holidays in Somalia in 2025
| Holiday | Date | Weekday |
| New Year’s Day | Jan 01, 2025 | Wednesday |
| Prophet’s Ascension | Jan 27, 2025 | Monday |
| Eid al-Fitr | Mar 31, 2025 | Monday |
| Eid al-Fitr Holiday | Apr 01, 2025 | Tuesday |
| Labour Day | May 01, 2025 | Thursday |
| Somaliland Sovereignty Day | May 18, 2025 | Sunday |
| Somaliland SovereigntyDay Holiday | May 19, 2025 | Monday |
| Eid al-Adha | Jun 07, 2025 | Saturday |
| Eid al-Adha Holiday | Jun 08, 2025 | Sunday |
| Independence Day | Jun 26, 2025 | Thursday |
| Islamic New Year | Jun 26, 2025 | Thursday |
| Republic Day | Jul 01, 2025 | Tuesday |
| Ashura | Jul 06, 2025 | Sunday |
| The Prophet’s Birthday | Sep 04, 2025 | Thursday |
| Know more: Public Holidays in Solomon Islands in 2025 |
New Year’s Day
New Year’s Day marks the beginning of the calendar year on January 1st. While Somalia primarily follows the Islamic calendar, it also recognizes the Gregorian calendar for administrative purposes. Celebrated globally, this festival marks a fresh start, a new beginning, and a chance to create objectives for the following year.
In Somalia, as in many countries, it’s a time for family gatherings, reflection on the past year, and looking forward to the future. Some Somalis may exchange gifts, prepare special meals, or attend religious services. However, due to Islamic cultural influences, celebrations are generally more subdued than in Western countries.
Prophet’s Ascension
The Prophet’s Ascension, known as Laylat al-Mi’raj in Arabic, commemorates the night journey of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Jerusalem and his ascension to heaven. This event is significant in Islamic tradition as it’s when Allah prescribed the five daily prayers to Muslims.
In Somalia, this day is observed with special prayers and religious gatherings. Many mosques hold night vigils where the story of the ascension is recounted. It’s a time for spiritual reflection and renewal of faith. Some Somalis may fast during the day as a form of worship. The exact date varies yearly as it’s based on the Islamic lunar calendar.
Eid al-Fitr
Eid al-Fitr is one of the most important Islamic holidays, marking the end of Ramadan, the holy month of fasting. In Somalia, it’s a joyous occasion celebrated with great enthusiasm. Families gather for special prayers at mosques or open areas. New clothes are often worn, and homes are decorated. Traditional Somali dishes like sambuca (samosas) and halwa (sweets) are prepared.
People see friends and relatives and trade presents. Charity is an important aspect, with many giving food or money to those in need. The holiday typically lasts for three days, filled with feasting, socializing, and expressing gratitude for the blessings of Ramadan.
Eid al-Fitr Holiday
The Eid al-Fitr Holiday is an extension of the Eid al-Fitr celebration, typically lasting for one or two additional days after the primary Eid day. In Somalia, these extra days allow for continued festivities and family gatherings.
Many businesses and government offices remain closed, giving people time to travel and visit extended family members who may live in different parts of the country. Traditional games and activities are often organized in communities. It’s also a time for relaxation after the rigorous month of Ramadan fasting. The holiday helps strengthen social bonds and allows for a gradual return to regular daily routines.
Labour Day
Labour Day, observed on May 1st, is an international holiday celebrating workers’ rights and contributions to society. In Somalia, it’s recognized as a public holiday, although celebrations may be less prominent compared to some other countries due to the nation’s recent history of conflict and economic challenges.
The day serves as a reminder of the importance of fair labor practices and workers’ rights. Some labor unions or organizations may hold small gatherings or events. It’s also an opportunity to highlight the need for job creation and economic development in Somalia. For many Somalis, it’s simply a day off work to spend with family.
Somaliland Sovereignty Day
Somaliland Sovereignty Day, observed on May 18th, commemorates the day in 1991 when Somaliland declared its independence from Somalia. However, it’s important to note that Somaliland’s independence is not internationally recognized, and Somalia considers it an autonomous region rather than a separate country.
In Somaliland, this day is marked with parades, cultural events, and political speeches celebrating their claim to sovereignty. It’s a day of pride for many Somalilanders, reflecting on their distinct identity and aspirations for international recognition. In other parts of Somalia, this day isn’t officially observed and may be a point of political tension.
Somaliland Sovereignty Day Holiday
The Somaliland Sovereignty Day Holiday extends the main Sovereignty Day celebrations in Somaliland. It provides an additional day for continued commemorations and reflections on Somaliland’s claim to independence. During this time, schools and many businesses in Somaliland remain closed.
Families often use this day for picnics, outings, or visiting relatives. Cultural events, such as traditional dances or poetry recitals, may be organized. For youth, it’s an opportunity to learn about Somaliland’s history and political aspirations. However, it’s crucial to remember that this holiday is specific to Somaliland and isn’t recognized in other parts of Somalia.
Eid al-Adha
It is one of the most significant Islamic festivals, also known as the Festival of Sacrifice, Eid al-Adha. It celebrates Prophet Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice his son as a gesture of obedience to Allah. It is a period of significant religious significance and celebration in Somalia. The day commences with special prayers, which are followed by the sacrifice of an animal, typically a sheep, goat, or camel.
The meat is divided into three parts: for family, friends, and people with low incomes. New clothes are worn, and families gather for festive meals. It’s also a time for forgiveness, strengthening community bonds, and remembering those less fortunate.
Eid al-Adha Holiday
The Eid al-Adha Holiday extends the main celebration, typically lasting two to three additional days. In Somalia, these extra days allow for prolonged festivities and family gatherings. Many Somalis use this time to visit relatives in different parts of the country.
Community feasts are every day, where the meat from sacrificial animals is shared. Traditional games and activities are often organized, especially for children. It’s also a time for relaxation and reflection on the religious significance of the holiday. The extended holiday helps strengthen social bonds and allows for a gradual return to regular daily routines.
Independence Day
Celebrated on July 1st, Somalia’s Independence Day marks the 1960 unity of the Trust Territory of Somalia (formerly Italian Somaliland) and the State of Somaliland (formerly British Somaliland) to establish the Somali Republic. It’s a day of national pride and reflection on Somalia’s journey as an independent nation.
Celebrations typically include parades, flag-raising ceremonies, and cultural performances. Political leaders often give speeches highlighting the country’s achievements and future goals. For many Somalis, it’s a time to reflect on their national identity and aspirations for peace and prosperity. Despite ongoing challenges, the day remains an important symbol of unity and hope.
Islamic New Year
The Islamic New Year marks the beginning of the Muslim lunar calendar. In Somalia, as in other Muslim-majority countries, it’s a time for reflection and spiritual renewal. The day is typically observed quietly, contrasting with the grand celebrations of the Gregorian New Year.
Many Somalis attend special prayers at mosques and reflect on the passage of time and their spiritual journey. Some may fast voluntarily. This is also a moment to consider the significance of Prophet Muhammad’s journey from Mecca to Medina, which launched the Islamic calendar. Families get together for dinner and talk about their expectations for the following year.
Republic Day
Republic Day in Somalia, observed on July 1st, coincides with Independence Day. It commemorates the establishment of the Somali Republic in 1960 and celebrates Somalia’s transition from colonial rule to a sovereign state with its government and constitution.
Official ceremonies, parades, and cultural events in Somalia mark Republic Day. Political leaders often use this occasion to address the nation and reflect on the country’s progress and challenges. For citizens, it’s a time to express national pride and unity. Despite Somalia’s complex political history, Republic Day remains an important symbol of the country’s aspirations for democracy and self-governance.
Ashura
The 10th day of Muharram, the first month of the Islamic year, is Ashura, a significant day in the Islamic schedule. In Somalia, as in many Muslim countries, it holds different significance for various Islamic sects. For Sunni Muslims, who make up the majority in Somalia, it’s a voluntary fasting day commemorating the day Noah left the Ark and the day Moses was saved from the Egyptians by Allah.
Some Somalis prepare unique dishes on this day. For Shia Muslims, this is a day of grief over Hussein, grandson of Prophet Muhammad, martyrdom. Today is a day for historical and spiritual introspection overall.
The Prophet’s Birthday
The Prophet’s Birthday, known as Mawlid al-Nabi, celebrates the birth of Prophet Muhammad. In Somalia, it’s an important religious holiday marked by special prayers, spiritual gatherings, and recitations of poetry praising the Prophet. Many mosques are decorated with lights, and some communities organize processions. Families often gather for special meals, and it’s expected to distribute food to people experiencing poverty as an act of charity.
Some Somalis fast during the day as a form of worship. While the exact practices may vary, the day is generally seen as an opportunity to reflect on the Prophet’s life and teachings, fostering a sense of spiritual renewal.